We submerge somewhat deeper into analysis of the seemingly simple TL431 voltage reference with transconductance amplifier to find that some useful design parameters are missing from the manufacturer ...

The circuit in this Design Idealets you set a well-controlledvoltage rate of change, often expressedas the differential dV/dt (instantaneousrate of voltage change over time involts per second). You ...

This file type includes high resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. In some situations, it becomes necessary to drive a MOSFET (or IGBT) with a voltage that’s lower than its ...

Nerd Ralph loves cheap and dirty hacks, and for that we applaud him. His latest endeavor is a LiFePO4 battery charger that he made out of parts he had on hand for under $0.50 US. (Although we think he ...

This circuit solves the problem of sending data over a cable with no free conductors. The data is OOK (on-off keying) modulated and superimposed on a high-frequency carrier so it can be sent over a ...

Lighting a string of LEDs at a constant brightness requires driving it with a regulated current. A boost converter is commonly used to step up the voltage to a level high enough to bias the LEDs on ...

Reverse polarity is one of the most common causes of circuit failure, from hobby projects to industrial systems. The good news is that a well-designed reverse polarity protection using MOSFET ...

Resistors are fundamental components in electronic circuits. Despite their simplicity, they play a central role in ensuring ...

Using simple components such as oil, salt water, lipids and proteins, plus routine genetic engineering techniques, it is possible to create simple nanofluidic ...

Today, distributed energy resources such as distributed generation and local energy storage present the most worrisome challenge to effective voltage control. Controlling voltage is a fundamental task ...